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What Some Common Languages Do and How They Work Together

3:21 with Joy Kesten

The title says it all! In this video you're going to learn about what some languages do and how they work together. We'll start with a real world example to explain the client-server model, and then get into the languages used for front end (HTML, CSS, and JavaScript) and back end (PHP, Ruby, and Python) development.

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    To begin our journey about what common languages do and how they work together, 0:00
    let's begin by dissecting the languages needed for a web application. 0:04
    On second thought, let's begin at the drive-through. 0:09
    Imagine you're at a drive-through. 0:12
    You order some food through one of those giant intercom menus. 0:14
    That order's sent to the kitchen where they make the food. 0:18
    When the food is ready, it's put into a bag and handed to you through the window. 0:22
    When you originally placed your order at the intercom, 0:26
    it was like typing a URL into the browser. 0:30
    The URL is sent to a web server, 0:32
    the kitchen, which then produces what you asked for. 0:34
    When the content is retrieved, aka your food is ready, it's placed in a bag and 0:39
    handed through the window, or the front end of the website. 0:44
    Just like a drive-through wouldn't put just any order through the window when you 0:49
    drive up, it's the same for a website. 0:53
    This is called the client server model. 0:56
    The client makes a request to the server. 0:58
    And the server gives back the content to the client. 1:02
    Once the page has loaded, 1:05
    from this point on when you send messages through the front-end, 1:06
    you are sending messages to the back-end, which then returns what you asked for. 1:10
    For example, maybe you forgot to ask for ketchup, so 1:16
    you ask the nice lady at the front for some ketchup. 1:18
    She turns around and asks the kitchen for 1:22
    a packet of ketchup and hands it to you, and you walk away happy. 1:23
    You can see this when you go to the Treehouse website. 1:28
    When I pull up my Treehouse home page, I only see my information. 1:31
    Like the points I've accrued, 1:35
    my name, and the course I'm on have all come from the server. 1:37
    But the layout and styling are going to look the same, whether it's you or 1:42
    anyone else signing on to the Treehouse site. 1:46
    The front end, or the drive-through window if you will, 1:48
    uses images in the languages HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. 1:51
    HTML and CSS are not programming languages exactly. 1:57
    HTML is a markup language which builds the structure of the website. 2:01
    And CSS is a styling language which tells the browser how 2:05
    to make that structure look. 2:09
    Let's leave those languages aside for now. 2:11
    You'll learn a lot more about them later. 2:14
    The back-end, or 2:16
    the kitchen in our analogy, is made of what are called server-side languages. 2:17
    And there are many different languages like PHP, Ruby, Java, and 2:22
    Python to choose from. 2:27
    Whether you're programming for a website or mobile app, 2:29
    you're going to be dealing with a lot of the same process you just saw for the Web. 2:32
    One of the big differences when developing mobile versus the Web is 2:37
    the number of languages you'll need to use. 2:42
    If you're programming for a mobile android device like the Moto 360 or 2:45
    Samsung Galaxy, 2:49
    you'll probably just be using Java to program the whole application. 2:50
    If you wanted to build something for a mobile iOS device, like an iPhone or 2:55
    an iPad, you'll be using Swift or Objective-C. 3:00
    Hopefully now you have a better grasp of what back-end and 3:04
    front-end languages are and how they work together. 3:07
    In the next video we'll talk about the similarities and differences between some 3:11
    of the back-end languages we discussed like Ruby, Python, PHP, and Java. 3:16

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